Eating behaviors moderate the associations between risk factors in the first 1000 days and adiposity outcomes at 6 years of age.
Identifieur interne : 000235 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000234; suivant : 000236Eating behaviors moderate the associations between risk factors in the first 1000 days and adiposity outcomes at 6 years of age.
Auteurs : Anna Fogel [Singapour] ; Keri Mccrickerd [Singapour] ; Izzuddin M. Aris [États-Unis] ; Ai Ting Goh [Singapour] ; Yap-Seng Chong [Singapour] ; Kok Hian Tan [Singapour] ; Fabian Yap [Singapour] ; Lynette P. Shek [Singapour] ; Michael J. Meaney [Singapour, Canada] ; Birit F P. Broekman [Singapour, Pays-Bas] ; Keith M. Godfrey [Royaume-Uni] ; Mary F F. Chong [Singapour] ; Shirong Cai [Singapour] ; Wei Wei Pang [Singapour] ; Wen Lun Yuan [Singapour] ; Yung Seng Lee [Singapour] ; Ciarán G. Forde [Singapour]Source :
- The American journal of clinical nutrition [ 1938-3207 ] ; 2020.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Adiposité (MeSH), Allaitement naturel (MeSH), Comportement alimentaire (MeSH), Enfant d'âge préscolaire (MeSH), Facteurs de risque (MeSH), Faim (MeSH), Femelle (MeSH), Grossesse (MeSH), Humains (MeSH), Indice de masse corporelle (MeSH), Mâle (MeSH), Nourrisson (MeSH), Ration calorique (MeSH), Singapour (épidémiologie), Surpoids (métabolisme), Surpoids (physiopathologie), Surpoids (psychologie), Surpoids (épidémiologie), Études de cohortes (MeSH).
- MESH :
- métabolisme : Surpoids.
- physiopathologie : Surpoids.
- psychologie : Surpoids.
- épidémiologie : Singapour, Surpoids.
- Adiposité, Allaitement naturel, Comportement alimentaire, Enfant d'âge préscolaire, Facteurs de risque, Faim, Femelle, Grossesse, Humains, Indice de masse corporelle, Mâle, Nourrisson, Ration calorique, Études de cohortes.
- Wicri :
- geographic : Singapour.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adiposity (MeSH), Body Mass Index (MeSH), Breast Feeding (MeSH), Child, Preschool (MeSH), Cohort Studies (MeSH), Energy Intake (MeSH), Feeding Behavior (MeSH), Female (MeSH), Humans (MeSH), Hunger (MeSH), Infant (MeSH), Male (MeSH), Overweight (epidemiology), Overweight (metabolism), Overweight (physiopathology), Overweight (psychology), Pregnancy (MeSH), Risk Factors (MeSH), Singapore (epidemiology).
- MESH :
- geographic , epidemiology : Singapore.
- epidemiology : Overweight.
- metabolism : Overweight.
- physiopathology : Overweight.
- psychology : Overweight.
- Adiposity, Body Mass Index, Breast Feeding, Child, Preschool, Cohort Studies, Energy Intake, Feeding Behavior, Female, Humans, Hunger, Infant, Male, Pregnancy, Risk Factors.
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Several risk factors in the first 1000 d are linked with increased obesity risk in later childhood. The role of potentially modifiable eating behaviors in this association is unclear.
OBJECTIVES
This study examined whether the association between cumulated risk factors in the first 1000 d and adiposity at 6 y is moderated by eating behaviors.
METHODS
Participants were 302 children from the GUSTO (Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes) cohort. Risk factors included maternal prepregnancy and paternal overweight, excessive gestational weight gain, raised fasting plasma glucose during pregnancy, short breastfeeding duration, and early introduction of solid foods. Composite risk scores reflecting the prevalence and the importance of the risk factors present were computed. Adiposity outcomes were child BMI and sum of skinfolds (SSF), and candidate eating behavior moderators were portion size, eating rate, and energy intake during lunch and in an eating in the absence of hunger task.
RESULTS
Higher composite risk score predicted higher BMI z scores (B = 0.08; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.13) and larger SSF (0.70 mm; 0.23, 1.18 mm), and was associated with larger self-served food portions (5.03 kcal; 0.47, 9.60 kcal), faster eating rates (0.40 g/min; 0.21, 0.59 g/min), and larger lunch intakes (7.05 kcal; 3.37, 10.74 kcal). Importantly, the association between composite risk score and adiposity was moderated by eating behaviors. The composite risk score was unrelated to SSF in children who selected smaller food portions, ate slower, and consumed less energy, but was positively associated with SSF among children who selected larger food portions, ate faster, and consumed more energy (eating behavior × risk score interactions: P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
The association between risk factors in the first 1000 d and adiposity at 6 y varies by eating behaviors, highlighting modifiable behavioral targets for interventions.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01174875.
DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa052
PubMed: 32219418
PubMed Central: PMC7332343
Affiliations:
- Canada, Pays-Bas, Royaume-Uni, Singapour, États-Unis
- Hollande-Septentrionale, Massachusetts
- Amsterdam
- Université nationale de Singapour
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
Le document en format XML
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Broekman</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country><wicri:regionArea>Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Technology and Research (A*STAR)</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Psychiatry, VU Medical Centre, VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, VU Medical Centre, VU University, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Godfrey, Keith M" sort="Godfrey, Keith M" uniqKey="Godfrey K" first="Keith M" last="Godfrey">Keith M. Godfrey</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit and National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit and National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Southampton</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chong, Mary F F" sort="Chong, Mary F F" uniqKey="Chong M" first="Mary F F" last="Chong">Mary F F. Chong</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), National University Health System, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country><wicri:regionArea>Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), National University Health System</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>National University Health System</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country><wicri:regionArea>Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université nationale de Singapour</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cai, Shirong" sort="Cai, Shirong" uniqKey="Cai S" first="Shirong" last="Cai">Shirong Cai</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country><wicri:regionArea>Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Technology and Research (A*STAR)</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université nationale de Singapour</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pang, Wei Wei" sort="Pang, Wei Wei" uniqKey="Pang W" first="Wei Wei" last="Pang">Wei Wei Pang</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université nationale de Singapour</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yuan, Wen Lun" sort="Yuan, Wen Lun" uniqKey="Yuan W" first="Wen Lun" last="Yuan">Wen Lun Yuan</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université nationale de Singapour</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Yung Seng" sort="Lee, Yung Seng" uniqKey="Lee Y" first="Yung Seng" last="Lee">Yung Seng Lee</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country><wicri:regionArea>Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Technology and Research (A*STAR)</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université nationale de Singapour</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Forde, Ciaran G" sort="Forde, Ciaran G" uniqKey="Forde C" first="Ciarán G" last="Forde">Ciarán G. Forde</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), National University Health System, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country><wicri:regionArea>Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), National University Health System</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>National University Health System</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université nationale de Singapour</orgName></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2020">2020</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:32219418</idno><idno type="pmid">32219418</idno><idno type="doi">10.1093/ajcn/nqaa052</idno><idno type="pmc">PMC7332343</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">000198</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000198</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000198</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Curation">000198</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000198</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Eating behaviors moderate the associations between risk factors in the first 1000 days and adiposity outcomes at 6 years of age.</title><author><name sortKey="Fogel, Anna" sort="Fogel, Anna" uniqKey="Fogel A" first="Anna" last="Fogel">Anna Fogel</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), National University Health System, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country><wicri:regionArea>Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), National University Health System</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>National University Health System</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mccrickerd, Keri" sort="Mccrickerd, Keri" uniqKey="Mccrickerd K" first="Keri" last="Mccrickerd">Keri Mccrickerd</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), National University Health System, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country><wicri:regionArea>Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), National University Health System</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>National University Health System</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Aris, Izzuddin M" sort="Aris, Izzuddin M" uniqKey="Aris I" first="Izzuddin M" last="Aris">Izzuddin M. Aris</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Goh, Ai Ting" sort="Goh, Ai Ting" uniqKey="Goh A" first="Ai Ting" last="Goh">Ai Ting Goh</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), National University Health System, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country><wicri:regionArea>Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), National University Health System</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>National University Health System</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chong, Yap Seng" sort="Chong, Yap Seng" uniqKey="Chong Y" first="Yap-Seng" last="Chong">Yap-Seng Chong</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country><wicri:regionArea>Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Technology and Research (A*STAR)</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université nationale de Singapour</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tan, Kok Hian" sort="Tan, Kok Hian" uniqKey="Tan K" first="Kok Hian" last="Tan">Kok Hian Tan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>KK Women's and Children's Hospital</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yap, Fabian" sort="Yap, Fabian" uniqKey="Yap F" first="Fabian" last="Yap">Fabian Yap</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>KK Women's and Children's Hospital</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shek, Lynette P" sort="Shek, Lynette P" uniqKey="Shek L" first="Lynette P" last="Shek">Lynette P. Shek</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country><wicri:regionArea>Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Technology and Research (A*STAR)</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université nationale de Singapour</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Meaney, Michael J" sort="Meaney, Michael J" uniqKey="Meaney M" first="Michael J" last="Meaney">Michael J. Meaney</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country><wicri:regionArea>Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Technology and Research (A*STAR)</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Psychiatry, McGill University & Sackler Institute for Epigenetics & Psychobiology at McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, McGill University & Sackler Institute for Epigenetics & Psychobiology at McGill University, Montreal, Quebec</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Quebec</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Quebec</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Broekman, Birit F P" sort="Broekman, Birit F P" uniqKey="Broekman B" first="Birit F P" last="Broekman">Birit F P. Broekman</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country><wicri:regionArea>Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Technology and Research (A*STAR)</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Psychiatry, VU Medical Centre, VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, VU Medical Centre, VU University, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Godfrey, Keith M" sort="Godfrey, Keith M" uniqKey="Godfrey K" first="Keith M" last="Godfrey">Keith M. Godfrey</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit and National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit and National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Southampton</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chong, Mary F F" sort="Chong, Mary F F" uniqKey="Chong M" first="Mary F F" last="Chong">Mary F F. Chong</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), National University Health System, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country><wicri:regionArea>Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), National University Health System</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>National University Health System</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country><wicri:regionArea>Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université nationale de Singapour</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cai, Shirong" sort="Cai, Shirong" uniqKey="Cai S" first="Shirong" last="Cai">Shirong Cai</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country><wicri:regionArea>Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Technology and Research (A*STAR)</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université nationale de Singapour</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pang, Wei Wei" sort="Pang, Wei Wei" uniqKey="Pang W" first="Wei Wei" last="Pang">Wei Wei Pang</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université nationale de Singapour</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yuan, Wen Lun" sort="Yuan, Wen Lun" uniqKey="Yuan W" first="Wen Lun" last="Yuan">Wen Lun Yuan</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université nationale de Singapour</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Yung Seng" sort="Lee, Yung Seng" uniqKey="Lee Y" first="Yung Seng" last="Lee">Yung Seng Lee</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country><wicri:regionArea>Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Technology and Research (A*STAR)</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université nationale de Singapour</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Forde, Ciaran G" sort="Forde, Ciaran G" uniqKey="Forde C" first="Ciarán G" last="Forde">Ciarán G. Forde</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), National University Health System, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country><wicri:regionArea>Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), National University Health System</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>National University Health System</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université nationale de Singapour</orgName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">The American journal of clinical nutrition</title><idno type="eISSN">1938-3207</idno><imprint><date when="2020" type="published">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adiposity (MeSH)</term><term>Body Mass Index (MeSH)</term><term>Breast Feeding (MeSH)</term><term>Child, Preschool (MeSH)</term><term>Cohort Studies (MeSH)</term><term>Energy Intake (MeSH)</term><term>Feeding Behavior (MeSH)</term><term>Female (MeSH)</term><term>Humans (MeSH)</term><term>Hunger (MeSH)</term><term>Infant (MeSH)</term><term>Male (MeSH)</term><term>Overweight (epidemiology)</term><term>Overweight (metabolism)</term><term>Overweight (physiopathology)</term><term>Overweight (psychology)</term><term>Pregnancy (MeSH)</term><term>Risk Factors (MeSH)</term><term>Singapore (epidemiology)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adiposité (MeSH)</term><term>Allaitement naturel (MeSH)</term><term>Comportement alimentaire (MeSH)</term><term>Enfant d'âge préscolaire (MeSH)</term><term>Facteurs de risque (MeSH)</term><term>Faim (MeSH)</term><term>Femelle (MeSH)</term><term>Grossesse (MeSH)</term><term>Humains (MeSH)</term><term>Indice de masse corporelle (MeSH)</term><term>Mâle (MeSH)</term><term>Nourrisson (MeSH)</term><term>Ration calorique (MeSH)</term><term>Singapour (épidémiologie)</term><term>Surpoids (métabolisme)</term><term>Surpoids (physiopathologie)</term><term>Surpoids (psychologie)</term><term>Surpoids (épidémiologie)</term><term>Études de cohortes (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Singapore</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Overweight</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Overweight</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="métabolisme" xml:lang="fr"><term>Surpoids</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiopathologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Surpoids</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiopathology" xml:lang="en"><term>Overweight</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="psychologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Surpoids</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="psychology" xml:lang="en"><term>Overweight</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="épidémiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Singapour</term><term>Surpoids</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adiposity</term><term>Body Mass Index</term><term>Breast Feeding</term><term>Child, Preschool</term><term>Cohort Studies</term><term>Energy Intake</term><term>Feeding Behavior</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Hunger</term><term>Infant</term><term>Male</term><term>Pregnancy</term><term>Risk Factors</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adiposité</term><term>Allaitement naturel</term><term>Comportement alimentaire</term><term>Enfant d'âge préscolaire</term><term>Facteurs de risque</term><term>Faim</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Grossesse</term><term>Humains</term><term>Indice de masse corporelle</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Nourrisson</term><term>Ration calorique</term><term>Études de cohortes</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="geographic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Singapour</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>BACKGROUND</b></p><p>Several risk factors in the first 1000 d are linked with increased obesity risk in later childhood. The role of potentially modifiable eating behaviors in this association is unclear.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>OBJECTIVES</b></p><p>This study examined whether the association between cumulated risk factors in the first 1000 d and adiposity at 6 y is moderated by eating behaviors.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>METHODS</b></p><p>Participants were 302 children from the GUSTO (Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes) cohort. Risk factors included maternal prepregnancy and paternal overweight, excessive gestational weight gain, raised fasting plasma glucose during pregnancy, short breastfeeding duration, and early introduction of solid foods. Composite risk scores reflecting the prevalence and the importance of the risk factors present were computed. Adiposity outcomes were child BMI and sum of skinfolds (SSF), and candidate eating behavior moderators were portion size, eating rate, and energy intake during lunch and in an eating in the absence of hunger task.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>RESULTS</b></p><p>Higher composite risk score predicted higher BMI z scores (B = 0.08; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.13) and larger SSF (0.70 mm; 0.23, 1.18 mm), and was associated with larger self-served food portions (5.03 kcal; 0.47, 9.60 kcal), faster eating rates (0.40 g/min; 0.21, 0.59 g/min), and larger lunch intakes (7.05 kcal; 3.37, 10.74 kcal). Importantly, the association between composite risk score and adiposity was moderated by eating behaviors. The composite risk score was unrelated to SSF in children who selected smaller food portions, ate slower, and consumed less energy, but was positively associated with SSF among children who selected larger food portions, ate faster, and consumed more energy (eating behavior × risk score interactions: P < 0.05).</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b></p><p>The association between risk factors in the first 1000 d and adiposity at 6 y varies by eating behaviors, highlighting modifiable behavioral targets for interventions.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01174875.</p></div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">32219418</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2020</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>29</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2021</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>10</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1938-3207</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>111</Volume><Issue>5</Issue><PubDate><Year>2020</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>01</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>The American journal of clinical nutrition</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Am J Clin Nutr</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Eating behaviors moderate the associations between risk factors in the first 1000 days and adiposity outcomes at 6 years of age.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>997-1006</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1093/ajcn/nqaa052</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND">Several risk factors in the first 1000 d are linked with increased obesity risk in later childhood. The role of potentially modifiable eating behaviors in this association is unclear.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="OBJECTIVES">This study examined whether the association between cumulated risk factors in the first 1000 d and adiposity at 6 y is moderated by eating behaviors.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS">Participants were 302 children from the GUSTO (Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes) cohort. Risk factors included maternal prepregnancy and paternal overweight, excessive gestational weight gain, raised fasting plasma glucose during pregnancy, short breastfeeding duration, and early introduction of solid foods. Composite risk scores reflecting the prevalence and the importance of the risk factors present were computed. Adiposity outcomes were child BMI and sum of skinfolds (SSF), and candidate eating behavior moderators were portion size, eating rate, and energy intake during lunch and in an eating in the absence of hunger task.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS">Higher composite risk score predicted higher BMI z scores (B = 0.08; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.13) and larger SSF (0.70 mm; 0.23, 1.18 mm), and was associated with larger self-served food portions (5.03 kcal; 0.47, 9.60 kcal), faster eating rates (0.40 g/min; 0.21, 0.59 g/min), and larger lunch intakes (7.05 kcal; 3.37, 10.74 kcal). Importantly, the association between composite risk score and adiposity was moderated by eating behaviors. The composite risk score was unrelated to SSF in children who selected smaller food portions, ate slower, and consumed less energy, but was positively associated with SSF among children who selected larger food portions, ate faster, and consumed more energy (eating behavior × risk score interactions: P < 0.05).</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSIONS">The association between risk factors in the first 1000 d and adiposity at 6 y varies by eating behaviors, highlighting modifiable behavioral targets for interventions.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01174875.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © The Author(s) 2020.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fogel</LastName><ForeName>Anna</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), National University Health System, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>McCrickerd</LastName><ForeName>Keri</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), National University Health System, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Aris</LastName><ForeName>Izzuddin M</ForeName><Initials>IM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Goh</LastName><ForeName>Ai Ting</ForeName><Initials>AT</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), National University Health System, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chong</LastName><ForeName>Yap-Seng</ForeName><Initials>YS</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tan</LastName><ForeName>Kok Hian</ForeName><Initials>KH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Yap</LastName><ForeName>Fabian</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Shek</LastName><ForeName>Lynette P</ForeName><Initials>LP</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Meaney</LastName><ForeName>Michael J</ForeName><Initials>MJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Psychiatry, McGill University & Sackler Institute for Epigenetics & Psychobiology at McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Broekman</LastName><ForeName>Birit F P</ForeName><Initials>BFP</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Psychiatry, VU Medical Centre, VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Godfrey</LastName><ForeName>Keith M</ForeName><Initials>KM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit and National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chong</LastName><ForeName>Mary F F</ForeName><Initials>MFF</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), National University Health System, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cai</LastName><ForeName>Shirong</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pang</LastName><ForeName>Wei Wei</ForeName><Initials>WW</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Yuan</LastName><ForeName>Wen Lun</ForeName><Initials>WL</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lee</LastName><ForeName>Yung Seng</ForeName><Initials>YS</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Forde</LastName><ForeName>Ciarán G</ForeName><Initials>CG</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), National University Health System, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><DataBankList CompleteYN="Y"><DataBank><DataBankName>ClinicalTrials.gov</DataBankName><AccessionNumberList><AccessionNumber>NCT01174875</AccessionNumber></AccessionNumberList></DataBank></DataBankList><GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>MC_UU_12011/4</GrantID><Acronym>MRC_</Acronym><Agency>Medical Research Council</Agency><Country>United Kingdom</Country></Grant></GrantList><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>Am J Clin Nutr</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>0376027</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0002-9165</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>AIM</CitationSubset><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D050154" MajorTopicYN="Y">Adiposity</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015992" MajorTopicYN="N">Body Mass Index</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001942" MajorTopicYN="N">Breast Feeding</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002675" MajorTopicYN="N">Child, Preschool</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015331" MajorTopicYN="N">Cohort Studies</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002149" MajorTopicYN="N">Energy Intake</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005247" MajorTopicYN="Y">Feeding Behavior</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006815" MajorTopicYN="N">Hunger</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007223" MajorTopicYN="N">Infant</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D050177" MajorTopicYN="N">Overweight</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000503" MajorTopicYN="N">physiopathology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000523" MajorTopicYN="Y">psychology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011247" MajorTopicYN="N">Pregnancy</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012307" MajorTopicYN="N">Risk Factors</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012846" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">Singapore</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">1000 days</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">adiposity</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">adiposity outcomes</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">childhood obesity</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">eating behavior</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">eating in the absence of hunger</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">eating rate</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">energy intake</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">portion size</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">risk factors</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2019</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>23</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2020</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>25</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2020</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2020</Year><Month>7</Month><Day>1</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2020</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">32219418</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">5812918</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1093/ajcn/nqaa052</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC7332343</ArticleId><ArticleId 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